Таблица преобразования предложений из прямой речи в косвенную
В данной таблице представлены изменения, происходящие при преобразовании предложений из прямой речи в косвенную, используя форму прошедшего времени глагола, передающего нам слова говорящего. Обращаем ваше внимание на то, Simple past, present perfect и past perfect → past perfect в косвенной речи.
ПРЯМАЯ РЕЧЬ |
КОСВЕННАЯ РЕЧЬ |
SIMPLE PRESENT → SIMPLE PAST |
|
| «I work in Google.» «I don’t work in Yahoo.» «I am a construction engineer.» «I’m not an accountant.» |
He said he worked in Google He said he didn’t work in Yahoo He said he was a construction engineer He said he wasn’t an accountant |
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE → PAST PROGRESSIVE |
|
| «I’m cleaning my flat today.» «I’m not going to the office today.» «Mary is singing in the show.» «She isn’t dancing in the show.» |
He said he was cleaning his flat today He said he wasn’t going to the office today Lee said that Mary was singing in the show He said she wasn’t dancing in the show |
PRESENT PERFECT → PAST PERFECT |
|
| «I’ve already read that book.» «I haven’t heard of that film before.» «Gary has called yesterday.» «He hasn’t left any messages though.» |
She said she had already read that book She said she hadn’t heard of that film before Jack said Gary had called yesterday He said Gary hadn’t left any messages though |
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE → PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE |
|
| «Jeff has been running.» «He hasn’t been working.» «Celine and Lee have been walking through the forest.» «They haven’t been shopping.» |
She said Jeff had been running She said he hadn’t been working Ling said they had been walking through the forest She said they hadn’t been shopping |
SIMPLE PAST → PAST PERFECT |
|
| «I saw my ex-boyfriend.» «I didn’t see the robbery.» «I arrived on time.» «I wasn’t late.» |
She said she had seen her ex-boyfriend She said she hadn’t seen the robbery He said he had arrived on time He said he hadn’t been late |
МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ
|
|
| «I will mop the floor.» «I won’t come.» |
She said she would mop the floor He said he wouldn’t come |
| «I can run fast.» «I can’t play chess.» |
He said he could run fast He said he couldn’t play chess |
| «There may be a traffic jam.» «There may not be any sugar left.» (нет сокращенной формы) |
She said there might be a traffic jam She said there might not be any sugar left (нет сокращенной формы) |
HAVE TO / HAS TO и MUST → HAD TO |
|
| «I have to clean the flat.» «I don’t have to clean the garage.» |
He said he had to clean the flat He said he didn’t have to clean the garage |
| «Sara has to go to hospital today.» «She doesn’t have to go to work.» |
Peter said Sara had to go to hospital today He said she didn’t have to go to work |
| «I must go to the dentist.» (нет отрицательной формы) |
She said she had to go to the dentist (нет отрицательной формы) |
СЛЕДУЮЩИЕ МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ НЕ МЕНЯЮТ СВОЕЙ ФОРМЫ:
|
|
| «I would like a cup of coffee.» | He said he would like a cup of coffee |
| «I couldn’t be at the wedding ceremony.» | She said she couldn’t be at the wedding ceremony |
| «It might snow today.» | The weatherman said it might snow today |
| «You really ought to do the test.» | The teacher said I really ought to do the test |
| «You should be nicer to your step brother.» | My dad said I should be nicer to my step brother |
